Soils : The Pemberton Wine Region contains some of the oldest soils in the world.  The best soils are the red gravelly loams over clay, which are associated with the Jarrah/Marri landscape.  These soils are the same as the finest in Margaret River with the main difference being in Pemberton they account for about 70% of the area and are uniform throughout. Due to the topography the soils are very well drained. Elevation : Most vineyards in Pemberton are at an elevation of around 300 metres above sea level.  This is the key factor which differentiates Pemberton from other Western Australian wine regions.  This elevation gives Pemberton its unique climatic characteristics.  It is estimated every 100 metres elevation gives a 1 degree temperature drop.  Temperature :  Pemberton is the coolest wine region in Western Australia.  Principally due to its elevation above sea level and its close proximity to the confluence of the Great Southern and Indian Oceans.  The coolness of Pemberton can be seen in the temperature statistics of winter chill hours and mean January, summer temperatures.  This cooler climate confers the dual benefits of true vine dormancy and a long ripening period.  In general this region harvests equivalent varieties about 2-3 weeks later than Margaret River.  Water :  This wine region receives one of the purest water supplies in the world.  Far enough from the coast to have no salt problems and blest with well drained soils and topography which allows ample water catchment for the abundant winter rains.  Sunshine :  Pemberton wine region ranges from about 35-95 kilometres from the coast.  During the summer and autumn Pemberton receives less ran and cloud than the coastal wine regions of Western Australia.  This quality factor is important in disease management and the longer ripening period for the later Bordeaux varieties, for which Pemberton is renowned.  Technology :  Pemberton has been fortunate in getting the benefit from the improved technology of modern viticulture practices gleaned from the experience of the older premium wine regions.  Vine Age : Pemberton wineries are now cropping from vines which are 15 years old.  Combined with the experience in handling varieties suited to Pemberton climate. Growers are now seeing the benefit only vine age can give. Quality focus/Family ownership : The majority of vineyards in Pemberton are family owned and operated.  This family ownership has allowed the development of a quality focus reminiscent of Margaret River 20 years ago.  Pride and the pursuit of a premium quality product, whether making wine or selling grapes, have been a hallmark of Pemberton vineyards.